腹壁可触动肿物的超声鉴别（二）

Miscellaneous Lesions 其他原发连续性.. Urachal Cyst 疣尿管上皮细胞A urachal cyst may be seen in between the umbilicus and the bladder. It is usually situated in the lower third of the urachus but can be seen just inferior to the umbilicus. These cysts may appear totally anechoic or may reveal low-level internal echoes (Figure 11 )疣尿管上皮细胞可考疣和胃中间，举例来说座落疣尿管的下1/3 ，但也可可考仅座落疣下。这些上皮细胞可平庸为完全无水声或较差水声。

Figure 11. A, Urachal cyst. The cyst is infected and contains faintly echogenic fluid. B, Urachal cyst. The anterior wall of the tense cyst produces reverberation artifacts. 三幅11A，疣尿管上皮细胞，此上皮细胞已受感染，实际上含有微弱水声的气体。B，疣尿管上皮细胞，紧绷的上皮细胞前壁产生反射伪影。

..Endometriosis子宫肾脏病变Endometriosis of the abdominal wall may occur as a long-term complication of uterine surgery. It has no specific appearance but is seen as a focal mass at the scar of previous surgery with attacks of cyclic pain and swelling (Figure 12 ).结节子宫肾脏病变是子宫外科手术后的依然合并症，无类似于平庸，但可于直到现在外科手术的瘢痕三处见一渐进肿物，并有周期连续性的疼痛和出血。

Figure 12. Endometriosis in a cesarean delivery scar. 三幅12 ，剖宫产疤痕三处子宫肾脏病变

...Abdominal Wall Hematoma 结节血肿A rectus sheath hematoma may develop after paroxysms of coughing or sneezing or after seizures. The underlying cause is usually either anticoagulant therapy or some bleeding disorder. Because these hematomas are limited within the rectus sheath, they are not very big. Their shape depends on their location. Above the arcuate line, they are usually ovoid in shape with the long axis superoinferior and are seen on one side (Figure 13A ). Below the arcuate line, because of the absence of the linea alba, they can extend across the midline. Then the hematoma may be seen as a padlike lesion with its maximum length along the transverse axis.21–23 In one neonate, an abdominal wall hematoma was seen to spread transversely in the supraumbilical region (Figure 13, B and C ). In patients with post surgical disseminated intrascular coagulation, large hematomas are seen in the abdominal wall in the vicinity of the surgical scar (Figure 13D ).腹直肌鞘血肿可发生于高烧连续性出血后、喷嚏或哮喘高烧后，其关键在于举例来说是抗凝治疗法或出血连续性疾病。由于血肿限制于腹直肌鞘内，举例来说不很大，其轮廓根据所三处位置而定，在尾端线以上，血肿常是卵圆形，长轴呈上下方向，可于外侧见到（三幅13A）；在尾端线请注意，由于腹白线缺如，可扩展横过中线，因此血肿平庸为分叶状，其最大长度座落横轴上。在早产结节血肿可可考疣上斜向扩展（三幅13B、C）。术后球状连续性静脉内人体内的病患可于结节外科手术瘢痕周围见到大的血肿（三幅13D）。

Figure 13. A, Rectus sheath hematoma in an elderly woman after severe cough. Arrows point to the fascia transversalis. B, Abdominal wall hematoma in a neonate. C, Abdominal wall hematoma overlying umbilical vein insertion in a neonate. UV indicates umbilical vein. D, Abdominal wall hematoma in a cesarean delivery scar in a patient with disseminated intrascular coagulation. 三幅13A，一中年妇女剧烈出血后腹直肌鞘血肿，箭头指示腹横脊柱。B，早产结节血肿。C，一早产疣静脉下端三处上会的结节血肿。UV，疣静脉。D，一球状连续性静脉内人体内的剖宫产术后病患疤痕三处结节血肿。

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